Stroud District Council Planning Applications
Search and explore Stroud District Council planning applications. Planning Signal is your free alternative to the Stroud District Council planning portal — search all recent applications, track decisions, and get alerts on new developments in the area.
Region: South West
About Stroud District Council
Stroud District Council, located in Gloucestershire, England, oversees a diverse area that includes the largest town of Stroud, as well as Berkeley, Dursley, Nailsworth, Stonehouse, and Wotton-under-Edge. The council operates from Ebley Mill in Cainscross, just west of Stroud's central hub. With over half of the district nestled within the stunning Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, it offers a rich blend of urban and rural environments for planning applications.
Council Planning Features
- Planning Applications - Browse all applications submitted to Stroud District Council, filterable by status, type, and size
- Planning Activity Summary - Approval rates, average decision times, and application type distribution for Stroud District Council
- Keyword Scorecard - See how often applications in Stroud District Council mention key planning constraints like heritage, flood risk, and environmental concerns
- Council Boundary Map - Interactive map showing the council boundary and application locations
- Full Details - View complete application details, dates and decision status
Council Insights
Property Prices
Average property sale price: £434,214 (based on 50 recent transactions from HM Land Registry).
Area Information
- Admin district: Cheltenham
- Parliamentary constituency: Cheltenham
- LSOA: Cheltenham 009B
Crime Statistics
1 crimes reported in 2026-05.
Crime Breakdown
- violent-crime: 1
Keyword Scorecard
Planning constraint analysis based on the last 24 months of applications in Stroud District Council.
- Ecology & Wildlife Constraints (keywords: bats, bat survey, bat roost, great crested newt, GCN...)
- Trees & Landscape (keywords: tree preservation order, TPO, arboricultural, tree survey, root protection area...)
- Flood & Drainage (keywords: flood zone 2, flood zone 3, flood risk assessment, FRA, surface water...)
- Heritage & Conservation (keywords: listed building, grade II, grade II*, grade I, conservation area...)
- Green Belt (keywords: green belt, inappropriate development, very special circumstances, openness)
- Highways & Access (keywords: visibility splays, highway authority objection, access arrangement, parking provision, transport statement...)
- Refusal & Risk Indicators (keywords: refusal, delegated refusal, appeal dismissed, overdevelopment, character and appearance...)
- Planning Process & Appeals (keywords: appeal lodged, appeal allowed, appeal dismissed, public inquiry, inspector)
Planning Activity Summary
Approval rates, average decision times, and application type distribution for Stroud District Council based on the last 24 months of planning data.
Towns and villages in Stroud District Council
1041 towns and villages. Click any town to search for planning applications nearby.
- Abbeydale
- Ablington
- Abson
- Acton Turville
- Adlestrop
- Alderley
- Alderton
- Alderton Fields
- Aldsworth
- Alkerton
- Allaston
- Almondsbury
- Alstone
- Alstone
- Alveston
- Alveston Down
- Alvington
- Amberley
- Ampney Crucis
- Ampney St Mary
- Ampney St Peter
- Andoversford
- Anthony's Cross
- Apperley
- Arle
- Arlebrook
- Arlingham
- Arlington
- Ashchurch
- Ashleworth
- Ashley
- Ashmead Green
- Aston Cross
- Aston Magna
- Aston on Carrant
- Aston Subedge
- Aust
- Avening
- Avening Green
- Awkley
- Awre
- Aylburton
- Aylburton Common
- Aylworth
- Badgeworth
- Badminton
- Bagendon
- Bagpath
- Bagpath
- Bagstone
- Baker's Hill
- Ball's Green
- Bamfurlong
- Barnsley
- Barnwood
- Barrow
- Barrow Wake
- Barton
- Barton
- Barton End
- Batsford
- Battledown
- Battlescombe
- Baunton
- Beach
- Beachley
- Bencombe
- Bengrove
- Benhall
- Bentham
- Berkeley
- Berkeley Heath
- Berkeley Road
- Berry Hill
- Berwick
- Beverston
- Bevington
- Bibstone
- Bibury
- Bilson Green
- Birdlip
- Birdwood
- Bishop's Cleeve
- Bishop's Norton
- Bisley
- Bitton
- Blackhorse
- Blaisdon
- Blakeney
- Bledington
- Blockley
- Boddington
- Bondend
- Botloe's Green
- Boughspring
- Boulsdon
- Bournes Green
- Bournside
- Bournstream
- Bourton-on-the-Hill
- Bourton-on-the-Water
- Bowbridge
- Bowling Green
- Box
- Boxbush
- Boxwell
- Bradley
- Bradley Green
- Bradley Stoke
- Brain's Green
- Brand Green
- Breadstone
- Bread Street
- Bream
- Bream's Meend
- Bridgend
- Bridge Yate
- Brierley
- Brimpsfield
- Brimps Hill
- Brimscombe
- Britain Bottom
- Broad Campden
- Broadoak
- Broadrock
- Broadwell
- Broadwell
- Brockhampton
- Brockhampton
- Brockhollands
- Brockweir
- Brockworth
- Bromesberrow
- Bromesberrow Heath
- Bromley Heath
- Brookend
- Brookend
- Brookthorpe
- Broom's Green
- Brown's End
- Brownshill
- Bubblewell
- Buckland
- Buckover
- Bulley
- Bullo
- Burleigh
- Burnt Ash
- Bussage
- Butterrow
- Cadbury Heath
- Cainscross
- Calcot
- Calcott's Green
- Calmsden
- Cam
- Cambridge
- Cannop
- Carterspiece
- Cashes Green
- Cassey Compton
- Castletump
- Catbrain
- Caudle Green
- Cerney Wick
- Chaceley
- Chaceley Hole
- Chaceley Stock
- Chalford
- Chalford Hill
- Chapel Hill
- Charfield
- Charfield Green
- Charfield Hill
- Chargrove
- Charingworth
- Charlton Abbots
- Charlton Kings
- Charlton Park
- Chase Hill
- Chavenage Green
- Chaxhill
- Chedworth
- Chedworth Laines
- Cheltenham
- Cherington
- Chesterton
- Chipmans Platt
- Chipping Campden
- Chipping Sodbury
- Christchurch
- Churcham
- Churchdown
- Churchend
- Churchend
- Church End
- Church End
- Church Westcote
- Cinderford
- Cirencester
- Clapton-on-the-Hill
- Claydon
- Claypits
- Clearwell
- Cleeve
- Cleeve Hill
- Clements End
- Clifford's Mesne
- Coaley
- Coaley Peak
- Coalpit Heath
- Coalway
- Coates
- Cobb's Cross
- Coberley
- Cockadilly
- Cockleford
- Codrington
- Cold Ashton
- Cold Aston
- Coldharbour
- Coleford
- Colesbourne
- Colethrop
- Collafield
- Coln Rogers
- Coln St Aldwyns
- Coln St Dennis
- Colt's Green
- Compton Abdale
- Compton Green
- Compton Greenfield
- Condicote
- Coney Hill
- Conham
- Coombe
- Coombs End
- Corse
- Cowhill
- Cowhorn Hill
- Cowley
- Cranham
- Cress Green
- Cribbs Causeway
- Cromhall
- Cromhall Common
- Cross Hill
- Crossways
- Culkerton
- Cutsdean
- Daglingworth
- Damery
- Daneway
- Daylesford
- Deerhurst
- Deerhurst Walton
- Didbrook
- Didmarton
- Dixton
- Dodington
- Donnington
- Donnington
- Dorn
- Doughton
- Down Ampney
- Downend
- Downend
- Down Hatherley
- Doynton
- Draycott
- Draycott
- Driffield
- Drybrook
- Duckhole
- Dudbridge
- Dumbleton
- Dunfield
- Dunkirk
- Duntisbourne Abbots
- Duntisbourne Leer
- Duntisbourne Rouse
- Dursley
- Dursley Cross
- Dyer's Common
- Dymock
- Dyrham
- Earthcott Green
- Eastcombe
- East Dean
- East End
- East End
- Easter Compton
- Eastington
- Eastington
- Eastleach Martin
- Eastleach Turville
- Ebley
- Ebrington
- Edge
- Edge End
- Edgeworth
- Elberton
- Elcombe
- Elkstone
- Ellwood
- Elmbridge
- Elmore
- Elmore Back
- Elmstone Hardwicke
- Elton
- Emerson's Green
- Engine Common
- English Bicknor
- Epney
- Etloe
- Evenlode
- Ewen
- Fairfields
- Fairford
- Fairview
- Falfield
- Far Green
- Farleys End
- Farmcote
- Farmington
- Far Oakridge
- Far Thrupp
- Fiddington
- Fiddler's Green
- Filton
- Fishpool
- Five Acres
- Flaxley
- Footbridge
- Ford
- Forest Green
- Forthampton
- Forthay
- Forwood
- Fossebridge
- Four Mile Elm
- Four Oaks
- Foxcote
- Frampton Cotterell
- Frampton Court
- Frampton End
- Frampton Mansell
- Frampton On Severn
- France Lynch
- Frenchay
- Fretherne
- Frocester
- Frogland Cross
- Fromebridge
- Fyfield
- Ganders Green
- Gatwick
- Gaunt's Earthcott
- Glasshouse
- Gloucester
- Golden Valley
- Goose Green
- Gorsley
- Gossington
- Gotherington
- Grange Village
- Great Barrington
- Great Rissington
- Great Stoke
- Great Washbourne
- Great Witcombe
- Green Bottom
- Green Street
- Green Street
- Greenway
- Greet
- Gretton
- Gretton Fields
- Guiting Power
- Hagloe
- Hailes
- Hallen
- Hall End
- Hallwood Green
- Halmore
- Ham
- Ham
- Hambrook
- Hampen
- Hampnett
- Hampton Fields
- Hampton Green
- Hamshill
- Hanham
- Hanham Green
- Hardeicke
- Hardwicke
- Harescombe
- Haresfield
- Harleywood
- Harnhill
- Harrow Hill
- Harry Stoke
- Hartpury
- Hasfield
- Hatherley
- Hatherop
- Hawcross
- Hawkesbury
- Hawkesbury Upton
- Hawling
- Hayden
- Hazleton
- Heath End
- Heathfield
- Hempsted
- Henfield
- Henley
- Hester's Way
- Hethelpit Cross
- Hewelsfield
- Hewelsfield Common
- Hidcote Bartrim
- Hidcote Boyce
- High Brotheridge
- Highfield
- Highfields
- Highleadon
- Highnam
- Highnam Green
- High Nash
- High Woolaston
- Hilcot
- Hilcot End
- Hill
- Hill End
- Hillend Green
- Hillersland
- Hillesley
- Hinchwick
- Hinton
- Hinton
- Holbrook Common
- Holywell
- Homedowns
- Hook Street
- Horcott
- Horsepools
- Horsley
- Horton
- Horwood Riding
- Houndscroft
- Howley
- Hucclecote
- Hudnalls
- Huntingford
- Huntley
- Hyde
- Hyde
- Hystfield
- Icomb
- Inchbrook
- Ingst
- Innsworth
- Iron Acton
- Itchington
- Jack's Green
- Joyford
- Joy's Green
- Kemble
- Kemble Wick
- Kempley
- Kempley Green
- Kempsford
- Kendleshire
- Kenton Green
- Kent's Green
- Ketford
- Kilcot
- Kilkenny
- Kineton
- Kingscote
- Kingscourt
- Kingsditch
- King's Green
- Kingshill
- Kings Hill
- Kingsholm
- King's Stanley
- Kingswood
- Kingswood
- Kington
- Kitlye
- Knightsbridge
- Langley
- Lansdown
- Lasborough
- Latteridge
- Laverton
- Leathern Bottle
- Lechlade on Thames
- Leckhampton
- Leddington
- Leighterton
- Leonard Stanley
- Leyhill
- Lightpill
- Linden
- Lintridge
- Little Badminton
- Little Barrington
- Little Bristol
- Littledean
- Littledean Hill
- Little Drybrook
- Little Haresfield
- Little Herbert's
- Little London
- Little Rissington
- Little Shurdington
- Little Sodbury
- Little Sodbury End
- Little Stoke
- Littleton-upon-severn
- Little Washbourne
- Little Witcombe
- Littleworth
- Littleworth
- Longborough
- Longford
- Longhope
- Longlevens
- Long Newnton
- Longney
- Longridge
- Longridge End
- Longwell Green
- Lowbands
- Lower Berry Hill
- Lower Cam
- Lower Chedworth
- Lower Dowdeswell
- Lower End
- Lower Hamswell
- Lower Hazel
- Lower Kilcott
- Lower Lemington
- Lower Lode
- Lower Lydbrook
- Lower Meend
- Lower Morton
- Lower Oddington
- Lower Rea
- Lower Slaughter
- Lower Soudley
- Lower Stone
- Lower Swell
- Lower Tuffley
- Lower Wick
- Lyde Green
- Lydney
- Lynworth
- Lypiatt
- Maisemore
- Malswick
- Mangotsfield
- Marle Hill
- Marsh Common
- Marshfield
- Marsh Lane
- Matson
- Maugersbury
- May Hill Village
- Mayshill
- Meysey Hampton
- Mickleton
- Middle Duntisbourne
- Middle Street
- Middle Wick
- Middleyard
- Milbury Heath
- Mile End
- Milkwall
- Millend
- Millend
- Mill End
- Mill Hill
- Milton End
- Milton End
- Minchinhampton
- Minsterworth
- Miserden
- Mitcheldean
- Mitton
- Moorend
- Moorend
- Moorend
- Moor End
- Moreton-in-Marsh
- Moreton Valence
- Mork
- Morton
- Mount Hill
- Murrell's End
- Murrell's End
- Nag's Head
- Nailbridge
- Nailsworth
- Nashend
- Nastend
- Natton
- Naunton
- Netherend
- Netherton
- Nether Westcote
- Nettleton
- New Cheltenham
- Newent
- Newerne
- Newington Bagpath
- Newland
- Newmarket
- New Mills
- Newnham
- New Passage
- Newport
- Newton
- Newtown
- Newtown
- Newtown
- New Town
- Nibley
- Nibley
- Nibley Green
- Nimlet
- Ninewells
- Norcote
- Norman Hill
- North Cerney
- North Common
- North Corner
- Northington
- Northleach
- North Nibley
- Northway
- Northwick
- Northwood Green
- Norton
- Notgrove
- Noverton
- Nupdown
- Nupend
- Nupend
- Nuppend
- Nympsfield
- Oakle Street
- Oakley
- Oakridge Lynch
- Okle Green
- Oldbury Naite
- Oldbury-on-Severn
- Oldbury on the Hill
- Oldcroft
- Old Down
- Oldend
- Oldland
- Oldland Common
- Old Passage
- Old Sodbury
- Olveston
- Oridge Street
- Over
- Over
- Overton
- Owlpen
- Oxenhall
- Oxenton
- Ozleworth
- Paganhill
- Painswick
- Palmer's Flat
- Pamington
- Pancakehill
- Paradise
- Parkend
- Parkend
- Parkfield
- Park Hill
- Patchway
- Paxford
- Pennsylvania
- Perrott's Brook
- Petty France
- Picklenash
- Piff's Elm
- Pilley
- Pillowell
- Pillows Green
- Pilning
- Pinfarthings
- Pitchcombe
- Pitt Court
- Pittville
- Playley Green
- Plump Hill
- Plusterwine
- Podsmead
- Poole Keynes
- Poolhill
- Pope's Hill
- Postlip
- Poulton
- Prescott
- Prestbury
- Preston
- Preston
- Prior's Norton
- Priors Park
- Pucklechurch
- Puckrup
- Puckshole
- Pullens Green
- Purton
- Purton
- Putloe
- Pye Corner
- Quarhouse
- Quedgeley
- Quenington
- Ram Hill
- Randwick
- Rangeworthy
- Readings
- Ready Token
- Redbrook
- Redmarley D'Abitot
- Redwick
- Rendcomb
- Rockhampton
- Rockness
- Rockstowes
- Rodborough
- Rodford
- Rodley
- Rodmarton
- Rooksmoor
- Rowanfield
- Ruardean
- Ruardean Hill
- Ruardean Woodside
- Ruddle
- Rudford
- Rudgeway
- Ruscombe
- Ruspidge
- Ryeford
- Ryeworth
- Ryton
- Saintbridge
- Saintbury
- Salperton
- Salperton Park
- Sandhurst
- Sandpits
- Sapperton
- Saul
- Scowles
- Sedbury
- Selsley
- Sevenhampton
- Seven Springs
- Severn Beach
- Sezincote
- Shab Hill
- Shadwell
- Shakesfield
- Shapridge
- Sharpness
- Shaw Common
- Sheepscombe
- Shepherd's Patch
- Shepperdine
- Sherborne
- Shipton
- Shipton Moyne
- Shipton Oliffe
- Shipton Solers
- Shorncote
- Shortstanding
- Shortwood
- Shortwood
- Shurdington
- Shuthonger
- Siddington
- Silver Street
- Siston
- Siston Common
- Slad
- Sladbrook
- Slimbridge
- Sling
- Smallbrook
- Snig's End
- Snowshill
- Somerford Keynes
- Soundwell
- Southam
- South Cerney
- Southend
- Southrop
- Springbank
- Standish
- Stanley Downton
- Stanley Pontlarge
- Stanton
- Stantway
- Stanway
- Staple Hill
- Starveall
- Staunton
- Staunton
- Staverton
- St Briavels
- St Briavels Common
- St Chloe
- Steam Mills
- Stinchcombe
- St Mark's
- Stockend
- Stockwell
- Stoke Gifford
- Stoke Orchard
- Stone
- Stone Hill
- Stonehouse
- Stowe
- Stowe Green
- Stowell
- Stowfield
- Stow-on-the-Wold
- St Paul's
- St Peter's
- Strand
- Stratton
- Stroat
- Stroud
- Stroud Green
- Stumps Cross
- Sudgrove
- Sundayshill
- Sunhill
- Swanley
- Swindon
- Swineford
- Syde
- Synwell
- Syreford
- Taddington
- Talbot's End
- Tarlton
- Taynton
- Teddington
- Teddington Hands
- Temple Guiting
- Tetbury
- Tetbury Upton
- Tewkesbury
- Thames Head
- The Batch
- The Beeches
- The Camp
- The Eaves
- The Fence
- The Flat
- The Folly
- The Hacket
- The Knapp
- The Leigh
- The Mythe
- The Park
- The Pludds
- The Pound
- The Quarry
- The Reddings
- The Rocks
- The Scarr
- The Scarr
- The Twittocks
- The Tynings
- Thornbury
- Througham
- Thrupp
- Tibberton
- Tickmorend
- Tidenham
- Tidenham Chase
- Tillers' Green
- Tilsdown
- Tiltups End
- Tirley
- Tirley Knowle
- Tockington
- Toddington
- Todenham
- Tormarton
- Tortworth
- Totteroak
- Town Street
- Townwell
- Tredington
- Tredworth
- Tresham
- Triangle
- Trow Green
- Tuffley
- Tumpy Green
- Tunley
- Turkdean
- Tutnalls
- Tutshill
- Twigworth
- Two Bridges
- Twyning
- Twyning Green
- Tytherington
- Uckington
- Uley
- Up Hatherley
- Uplands
- Upleadon
- Upleadon Court
- Upper Cam
- Upper Coberley
- Upper Dowdeswell
- Upper End
- Upper End
- Upper Framilode
- Upper Hill
- Upper Kilcott
- Upper Lydbrook
- Upper Morton
- Upper Oddington
- Upper Rissington
- Upper Siddington
- Upper Slaughter
- Upper Soudley
- Upper Swell
- Upper Wick
- Upthorpe
- Upton Cheyney
- Upton St Leonards
- Viney Hill
- Vinney Green
- Walham
- Wallow Green
- Wallsworth
- Walton Cardiff
- Wanswell
- Wapley
- Warden Hill
- Warmley
- Warmley Hill
- Warmley Tower
- Waterend
- Waterlane
- Watermead
- Watermoor
- Watledge
- Watley's End
- Welsh Bicknor
- Westbury-on-Severn
- Westend
- West End
- West End
- Westerleigh
- Westerleigh Hill
- Westington
- West Littleton
- Westonbirt
- Weston-sub-Edge
- Westrip
- Whaddon
- Whaddon
- Wheatenhurst
- Whelford
- Whitecliff
- Whitecroft
- Whiteshill
- Whiteshill
- Whiteway
- Whiteway
- Whitfield
- Whitminster
- Whittington
- Wibdon
- Wick
- Wickridge Street
- Wick Rocks
- Wick Street
- Wickwar
- Willersey
- Willsbridge
- Winchcombe
- Windrush
- Windsoredge
- Winson
- Winstone
- Winterbourne
- Winterbourne Down
- Wishanger
- Withington
- Woodbridge
- Woodchester
- Woodcroft
- Woodfield
- Woodford
- Woodhouse Down
- Woodmancote
- Woodmancote
- Woodmancote
- Wood Stanway
- Woolaston
- Woolaston Common
- Woolaston Slade
- Woolaston Woodside
- Woolridge
- Woolstone
- Worley
- Wormington
- Worrall Hill
- Wortley
- Wotton
- Wotton-under-Edge
- Wyck Rissington
- Wyegate Green
- Wymans Brook
- Yanworth
- Yate
- Yate Rocks
- Yorkley
- Yorkley Slade
Flood Risk
No active flood warnings in the Stroud District Council area.
Monitoring Stations
9 flood monitoring stations near Stroud District Council.
- Saintbridge (River Twyver)
- Zoons Court Flood Storage (Horsbere Brook)
- Witcombe (Horsbere Brook)
- Armscroft Place (Wotton Brook)
- Deerhurst (River Severn)
- Moorend Road (Lilley Brook)
- Abbeymead Avenue (River Twyver)
- Merestones Road (Hatherley Brook)
- Charlton Kings (River Chelt)
A brief summary of Stroud District Council
Stroud District Council, located in Gloucestershire, England, oversees a diverse area that includes the largest town of Stroud, as well as Berkeley, Dursley, Nailsworth, Stonehouse, and Wotton-under-Edge. The council operates from Ebley Mill in Cainscross, just west of Stroud's central hub. With over half of the district nestled within the stunning Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, it offers a rich blend of urban and rural environments for planning applications.
The average property sale price in the Stroud District Council area is £434,214, based on 50 recent transactions.
Neighbourhood safety in the Stroud District Council area is generally good, with 1 crimes reported in the most recent period.
Conservation Areas
There are 41 designated conservation areas within the Stroud District Council area. Planning applications within or near these areas are subject to additional scrutiny to preserve architectural and historic character. Permitted development rights may be restricted.
Conservation areas include: Gyde House, Box, Bisley, Alderley, Pitchcombe, Painswick, Nympsfield, Stinchcombe, Chalford Hill, France Lynch, and 31 more.
The council area encompasses 1041 towns and villages, including Cheltenham, Chipping Sodbury, Cirencester, Fairford, Gloucester and Kingswood. Planning applications across these communities can be searched using the postcode search above.
Search Stroud District Council Planning Applications
Planning Signal provides a free, fast planning search for Stroud District Council. Use the postcode search above to find planning applications near any address in the Stroud District Council area. Unlike the official Stroud District Council planning portal, Planning Signal lets you save searches, watch individual applications, and receive email alerts when decisions are made or new applications are submitted nearby.
Whether you're a resident checking Stroud District Council planning applications near your home, a homeowner tracking your own application, or a property professional monitoring the local market, Planning Signal gives you the tools to stay informed about planning and development across Stroud District Council.
Planning Activity
In the last 24 months, 1,639 planning applications Stroud District Council received. Of these, 84% were approved, with an average decision time of 58 days.
This is broadly in line with the national average of approximately 87%. Stroud District Council maintains a standard approach to planning decisions.
At 58 days on average, decisions in Stroud District Council slightly exceed the 8-week statutory target for minor applications, though this is common across many councils.
The most common application types in Stroud District Council were full planning applications (512), tree works (324), discharge of conditions (191). Full planning applications account for 31% of all submissions, covering new builds, change of use, and works that go beyond permitted development rights.
In terms of development scale, 15 large-scale (major) developments, 232 medium-scale applications, 1,121 smaller schemes were submitted. The high volume of major applications indicates significant development pressure in the area, which may interest property developers and investors.
591 planning appeals were lodged against Stroud District Council decisions, of which 147 were allowed and 402 were dismissed (27% success rate).
Application Outcomes
- Approved: 764 applications
- Refused: 88 applications
- Withdrawn: 62 applications
- Awaiting decision: 723 applications
Related Planning Guides
- What Is Planning Permission in the UK? — Planning permission is the formal approval you need from your local council before making certain changes to a building or piece of land.
- What Is Permitted Development? — Permitted development rights allow certain building works and changes of use without the need to apply for planning permission.
- How Long Does Planning Permission Take? — Typical timelines for planning permission decisions in the UK, from submission to approval, and what can cause delays.