RIBA Work Stages Explained

A clear explanation of the RIBA Plan of Work stages, from initial brief to completion, and what happens at each stage of the design process.

The RIBA Plan of Work is the definitive framework used by architects in the UK to organise the design and construction process. Understanding the stages helps you know what to expect and when.

Overview

The RIBA Plan of Work 2020 has 8 stages, numbered 0 to 7. Most residential projects will involve stages 0 through 5 or 6, with stage 7 being a post-completion review.

Stage 0: Strategic Definition

This is the very beginning - identifying the need for the project and considering whether building work is the right solution. For most homeowners, this happens informally: you decide you need more space, or you want to renovate your home.

Stage 1: Preparation and Briefing

Your architect develops the project brief with you. This includes:

• Your requirements and aspirations
• Budget range
• Site constraints and opportunities
• Programme and timing preferences
• Any relevant planning constraints

The architect may carry out a measured survey of your property and conduct initial feasibility studies.

Stage 2: Concept Design

The architect develops the initial design concept. This is where creative ideas take shape:

• Sketch designs and layout options
• Exploring spatial arrangements
• Initial structural strategy (with a structural engineer)
• Outline specification of materials
• Preliminary cost estimate

You will typically see 2-3 design options to discuss before refining the preferred approach.

Stage 3: Spatial Coordination (Developed Design)

The chosen concept is developed in detail:

• Detailed floor plans, sections and elevations
• Coordination with structural engineer, services engineer and other specialists
• Material selections and specification
• Updated cost plan
• Planning application submission typically happens during or at the end of this stage

Stage 4: Technical Design

The design is developed to construction-level detail:

• Detailed construction drawings
• Building regulations submission
• Full specification and schedules
• Contractor tender documents

This stage produces the information your builder needs to price and construct the project accurately.

Stage 5: Manufacturing and Construction

The building work itself. During this stage, your architect (if appointed for this stage) will:

• Conduct regular site inspections
• Review the contractor's work against the design
• Answer technical queries from the builder
• Manage variations and changes
• Issue certificates for interim and final payments

Stage 6: Handover

The building is completed and handed over to you. This includes:

• Snagging inspections (identifying minor defects for the builder to fix)
• Handover of manuals, warranties and certificates
• Final building control sign-off
• Practical completion certificate

Stage 7: Use

Post-occupancy - the building is in use. Some architects offer a post-occupancy review after 12 months to assess how the building is performing and whether any adjustments are needed.

Which Stages Do You Need?

You do not have to appoint your architect for all stages. Common packages include:

• Stages 1-3: Design and planning permission only
• Stages 1-4: Design through to building regulations and tender
• Stages 1-6: Full service including site administration (recommended for larger projects)

Discuss with your architect which stages are appropriate for your project and budget.